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Emacs and PHP tutorial: php-mode

Posted: - Modified: | emacs, wickedcoolemacs
Update 2016-11-21: See comments for a better way to do web development with Emacs =)

php-mode is responsible for syntax highlighting, indentation, and other major PHP-specific modifications to your editing environment. There are a number of PHP modes available for Emacs. In this project, you’ll learn how to set up the php-mode available from http://sourceforge.net/projects/php-mode/ . At the time of this writing, the current version is 1.4.0 and the maintainer is Aaron Hawley.

Download the latest php-mode.el from http://php-mode.sourceforge.net/ and save it to a directory in your load-path. I like to organize my Emacs Lisp files in a directory called ~/elisp. To add PHP support to your Emacs, add the following lines to your ~/.emacs:

 (add-to-list 'load-path "~/elisp")
 (require 'php-mode)

This configures Emacs to automatically recognize files ending in “.php”, “.phps”, “.php3”, “.php4”, “.phtml”, and “.inc” as PHP files. To associate more extensions with PHP files, add lines like this example to your ~/.emacs:

 (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.module$" . php-mode))
 (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.inc$" . php-mode))
 (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.install$" . php-mode))
 (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.engine$" . php-mode))

This associates php-mode with the extensions used by Drupal, a PHP framework. When you open a file with the specified extension, it should be highlighted according to PHP syntax.

Here are some useful commands:

TAB c-indent-command Indent the current line
M-; comment-dwim Add a line comment, comments or uncomments the currently-selected region, or does other smart comment-related actions
C-c C-f php-search-documentation Search the online PHP manual for the current word
C-c RET php-browse-manual View the online PHP manual
C-c . c-set-style Change coding style
C-M-a, C-M-e c-beginning-of-defun, c-end-of-defun Go to the beginning or end of the current function
C-M-h c-mark-function Select the current function
M-a, M-e c-beginning-of-statement, c-end-of-statement Go to the beginning or end of the current statement

Here are some variables you may wish to customize:

indent-tabs-mode Set this to nil if you want to insert spaces instead of tabs
case-fold-search Set this to t if you want case-insensitive search.
c-basic-offset Set your tab size or number of spaces used as a basis for indentation

You can either customize these variables globally with M-x customize or set them for php-mode. Here’s an example that sets up a buffer with the coding style recommended for Drupal:

 (defun wicked/php-mode-init ()
   "Set some buffer-local variables."
   (setq case-fold-search t) 
   (setq indent-tabs-mode nil)
   (setq fill-column 78)
   (setq c-basic-offset 2)
   (c-set-offset 'arglist-cont 0)
   (c-set-offset 'arglist-intro '+)
   (c-set-offset 'case-label 2)
   (c-set-offset 'arglist-close 0))
 (add-hook 'php-mode-hook 'wicked/php-mode-init)

You can further customize the indentation by moving the point to where the indentation needs improvement and typing C-c C-o (c-set-offset).

To try automatic indentation, press C-j (newline-and-indent). If you like that behavior, you can make it the default in php-mode by adding the following line in ~/.emacs:

(define-key php-mode-map (kbd “RET”) ‘newline-and-indent)

You may also be interested in M-x show-paren-mode, which shows the matching parenthesis, bracket or brace for the character at point. You can enable it automatically by adding the following line to your ~/.emacs:

   (setq show-paren-mode t)

It’s a good idea to separate PHP and HTML code. This is not only better coding practice, but it also makes developing in Emacs much easier. php-mode focuses on PHP-specific behavior and does not have special support for HTML. Emacs has a number of packages that allow you to work with multiple modes like php-mode and html-helper-mode in a single buffer, but they don’t always work, and indentation can be confusing. If you must work with large segments of both PHP and HTML in the same file, check out MultipleModes (http://www.emacswiki.org/cgi-bin/wiki/MultipleModes) for tips.

Things I can do to make progress on my book

| emacs, wickedcoolemacs, writing
  • Switch my development environment to Emacs
  • Put together the existing book chapters I have so far
  • Process the tech reviews I’ve gotten back
  • Work on one outline item
  • Work on a different chapter
  • View and explain a random person’s .emacs file
  • Have regular release schedules
  • Work on the outline
  • Just write
  • Hang out in #emacs
  • Read Emacs-related blogs
  • Read random wiki pages on emacswiki.org
  • Post tidbits
  • Dig through my old Emacs configuration
  • Answer Emacs-related mail
  • Monitor help.gnu.emacs and other Emacs-related newsgroups/mailing lists
  • Learn about a random Emacs symbol
  • Write for 10 minutes
  • Brainstorm ideas
  • Upgrade my packages

Might need to spend more time hanging out with Emacs geeks =)

| emacs, wickedcoolemacs, writing

This is dreadful. I’ve made no progress on my book, and I’ve noticed that it has steadily crept down my list of priorities. I suspect it has a lot to do with the kinds of people I hang out with and the kinds of places I hang out. ;)

I used to hang out in irc.freenode.net#emacs a lot, and I used to frequently check the RecentChanges page of http://www.emacswiki.org. Both were great sources for Emacs questions and answers, and they often inspired me to go and write blog posts sharing what I discovered.

Lately, I’ve been hanging out with Drupal geeks and social networking geeks–hence all the blog posts about Drupal and technology evangelism. This is because of work, and so my blog posts are about things I’m learning at work. My Emacs use is down to reading mail, reading news, and managing my day. I still use it every day, but I’m not doing a lot of development in it. (Hmm, maybe that’s something else I can set up.)

Maybe I should start writing from the front of the book instead – basic Emacs stuff, leading up to more advanced tips…

Emacs Gnus: Filter Spam

Posted: - Modified: | emacs, wickedcoolemacs

(draft for an upcoming book called Wicked Cool Emacs)

Ah, spam, the bane of our Internet lives. There is no completely
reliable way to automatically filter spam. Spam messages that slip
through the filters and perfectly legitimate messages that get
labelled spam are all part of the occupational hazards of using the
Internet.

The fastest way to filter spam is to use an external spam-filtering
program such as Spamassassin or Bogofilter, so your spam can be
filtered in the background and you don’t have to spend time in Emacs
filtering it yourself. In an ideal world, this would be done on the
mail server so that you don’t even need to download unwanted
messages. If your inbox isn’t full of ads for medicine or stocks, your
mail server is probably doing a decent job of filtering the mail for
you.

Server-based mail filtering

As spam filtering isn’t an exact science, you’ll want to find out how
you can check your spam folder for misclassified mail. If you download
your mail through POP, find out if there’s a webmail interface that
will allow you to check if any real mail has slipped into the junk
mail pile. If you’re on IMAP, your mail server might automatically
file spam messages in a different group. Here’s how to add the spam
group to your list of groups:

  1. Type M-x gnus to bring up the group buffer.
  2. Type ^ (gnus-group-enter-server-mode).
  3. Choose the nnimap: entry for your mail server and press RET (gnus-server-read-server).
  4. Find the spam or junk mail group if it exists.
  5. Type u (gnus-browse-unsubscribe-current-group) to toggle the subscription. Subscribed groups will appear in your M-x gnus screen if they contain at least one unread message.

Another alternative is to have all the mail (spam and non-spam)
delivered to your inbox, and then let Gnus be in charge of filing it
into your spam and non-spam groups. If other people manage your mail
server, ask them if you can have your mail processed by the spam
filter but still delivered to your inbox. If you’re administering your
own mail server, set up a spam filtering system such as SpamAssassin
or BogoFilter, then read the documentation of your spam filtering
system to find out how to process the mail.

Spam filtering systems typically add a header such as “X-Spam-Status”
or “X-Bogosity” to messages in order to indicate which messages are
spam or even how spammy they are. To check if your mail server tags
your messages as spam, open one of your messages in Gnus and type C-u
g (gnus-summary-show-article) to view the complete headers and
message. If you find a spam-related header such as X-Spam-Status, you
can use it to split your mail. Add the following to your ~/.gnus:

 (setq spam-use-regex-headers t) ;; (1)
 (setq spam-regex-headers-spam "^X-Spam-Status: Yes")   ;; (2)
 (require 'spam) ;; (3)
 (spam-initialize) ;; (4)

This configures spam.el to detect spam based on message
headers(1). Set spam-regex-headers-spam to a regular expression
matching the header your mail server uses to indicate spam.(2) This
configuration should be done before the spam.el library is loaded(3)
and initialized(4), because spam.el uses the spam-use-* variables to
determine which parts of the spam library to load.

In order to take advantage of this, you’ll also need to add a rule
that splits spam messages into a different group. If you haven’t set
up mail splitting yet, read qthe instructions on setting up fancy mail
splitting in “Project XXX: Organize mail into groups”. Add (:
spam-split) to either nnmail-split-fancy or nnimap-split-fancy,
depending on your configuration. For example, your ~/.gnus may look
like this:

(setq nnmail-split-fancy
'(
;; ... other split rules go here ...
(: spam-split)
;; ... other split rules go here ...
"mail.misc")) ; default mailbox

(draft for an upcoming book called Wicked Cool Emacs, more to come!)

Emacs Gnus: Organize Your Mail

| emacs, wickedcoolemacs

People handle large volumes of mail in different ways. Keeping
everything in one mailbox can quickly become unmanageable because
messages you need to read get lost among messages you don’t need to
read.

You can move mail manually by selecting them in the summary buffer and
typing B m (gnus-summary-move-article). Then type the name of the
group to which you would like to move the message. The group will be
created if it doesn’t exist.

To move multiple messages, mark them with #
(gnus-summary-mark-as-processable) and then type B m
(gnus-summary-move-article). To unmark a message, type M-#
(gnus-summary-unmark-as-processable). To unmark all messages, type M P
U (gnus-summary-unmark-all-processable).

Automatically filing mail

Moving messages by hand is tedious and time-consuming. One way to deal
with this is to set up rules that automatically file mail into
different groups (or folders, as they’re called in other mail
clients). Gnus calls this “splitting” mail, and you can split mail on
IMAP servers as well as mail downloaded from POP3 servers to your
computer.

For example, if you’re using Gnus to read mail from an IMAP server,
you can split your messages by adding this to your ~/.gnus:

 (setq nnimap-split-inbox "INBOX") ;; (1)
 (setq nnimap-split-predicate "UNDELETED") ;; (2)
 (setq nnimap-split-rule
       '(
         ("INBOX.emacs" "^Subject:.*emacs")
         ("INBOX.work" "^To:.*you@work.example.com")    
         ("INBOX.personal" "^To:.*you@personal.example.com")    
         ("INBOX.errors" "^From:.*\\(mailer.daemon\\|postmaster\\)")   
        )) 

If you use a different inbox, change the value of
nnimap-split-inbox(1). Any messages in the inbox will be split
according to nnimap-split-rule(2), which is a list where each element
is a list containing the group’s name and a regular expression
matching the header of messages that should be filed in the group. In
this example, Gnus will move mail with subjects containing the word
“emacs” to INBOX.emacs, mail directed to you@work.example.com to the
INBOX.work group, mail directed to you@personal.example.com to the
INBOX.personal group, and mail error messages to INBOX.errors. All
other messages will be stored in INBOX.

If you’re downloading your mail from a POP3 server and storing it in
nnml, add this to your ~/.gnus instead:

 (setq nnmail-split-methods
      '(
        ("mail.emacs" "^Subject:.*emacs")
        ("mail.work" "^To:.*you@work.example.com")    
        ("mail.personal" "^To:.*you@personal.example.com")    
        ("mail.errors" "^From:.*\\(mailer.daemon\\|postmaster\\)")   
       )) 

All other messages will be stored in mail.misc.

Start M-x gnus again, and your mail will be split into the different
groups.

Where are my groups?

If you don’t see your new groups in the group buffer displayed by M-x
gnus, type A A (gnus-group-list-active) to see all the groups. Go to
the group that you would like to add to the group buffer, then type u
(gnus-group-unsubscribe-current-group) to toggle its subscription. In
this example, INBOX.automated is not subscribed to, but INBOX is.

 U    13: INBOX.automated 
      76: INBOX 

When you type M-x gnus again, you’ll see your subscribed groups if
they have unread messages.

nnimap-split-rule and nnmail-split-methods allow you to filter
interesting or uninteresting mail into different groups based on their
headers. Gnus comes with an even more powerful mail splitting engine.
In fact, Gnus comes with “fancy mail splitting.”

Fancy mail splitting

With fancy mail splitting and some configuration, you can split mail
based on a combination of criteria. You can even manually file a
message and have Gnus automatically file incoming replies in the same
group.

To configure an IMAP connection to use fancy mail splitting, add the
following to your ~/.gnus:

 (setq nnimap-split-inbox "INBOX")
 (setq nnimap-split-predicate "UNDELETED")
 (setq nnmail-split-fancy ;; (1)
       '(|                                ;; (2)
         (: gnus-registry-split-fancy-with-parent) ;; (3)
         ;; splitting rules go here       ;; (4)
         "INBOX"                          ;; (5)
        ))
 (setq nnimap-split-rule 'nnmail-split-fancy)
 (setq nnmail-split-methods 'nnimap-split-fancy) ;; (6)
 (gnus-registry-initialize) ;; (7)

This configures IMAP to use the nnmail-split-fancy function to
determine the group for messages. Note that we’re setting the
nnmail-split-fancy variable here. If you want to process your IMAP
mail separately from your other mail, you can set the
nnimap-split-fancy variable instead. If so, also set nnimap-split-rule
to ‘nnimap-split-fancy. Using nnmail-split-fancy here makes the other
examples easier to understand, though.

The nnmail-split-fancy variable controls the splitting behavior(1). The
“|” symbol means that that the first matching rule is used(2). For
example, if the message being processed is a reply to a message that
Gnus knows about, then the gnus-registry-split-fancy-with-parent
function will return the name of the group, and nnmail-split-fancy
will file the message there(3). You can add other splitting rules as
well(4). If messages don’t match any of these rules, the last rule
specifies that the messages will be filed in INBOX(5). Set
nnmail-split-methods to nnimap-split-fancy as well in order to work
around some assumptions in other parts of the code(6). After that,
initialize the Gnus registry(7), which is responsible for tracking
moved and deleted messages. This allows you to automatically split
replies into the same folders as the original messages.

To configure fancy mail splitting with an nnml backend (suggested
configuration for POP3), add the following to your ~/.gnus instead:

 (gnus-registry-initialize)
 (setq nnmail-split-fancy                 
       '(|                                
         (: gnus-registry-split-fancy-with-parent)
         ;; splitting rules go here       
         "mail.misc"                          ;; (1)
        ))
 (setq nnmail-split-methods 'nnmail-split-fancy)    

This code is similar to the IMAP example, except that the default
mailbox name for nnml is mail.misc(1).

Here’s how the previous rules in nnmail-split-methods would be
translated to nnmail-split-fancy rules for an IMAP configuration:

 (setq nnmail-split-fancy
      '(|
        (: gnus-registry-split-fancy-with-parent)
         ;; splitting rules go here       
        (from mail "INBOX.errors")   ;; (1)
        (any "you@work.example.com" "INBOX.work")   ;; (2)
        (any "you@personal.example.com" "INBOX.personal") ;; 
        ("subject" "emacs" "INBOX.emacs") ;; (3)
        "INBOX"    ;; or "mail.misc" for nnml/POP3
       )) 

The from keyword matches against the “From”, “Sender”, and
“Resent-From” fields, while the mail keyword matches common mail
system addresses(1). The corresponding to keyword matches against
the “To”, “Cc”, “Apparently-To”, “Resent-To” and “Resent-Cc” headers,
while any matches the fields checked by the from and to
keywords(2). You can also compare against the subject
and other headers(3).

You can use logic in splitting rules, too. For example, if you like
reading the jokes on joke-mailing-list@example.com, but you don’t like
the ones sent by vi-guy@example.com (he not only has a bad sense of
humor, but also likes picking on Emacs!), you can use a rule like
this in your nnmail-split-fancy:

         ;; ... other splitting rules go here...
         (any "joke-mailing-list@example.com"   ;; (1)
              (| (from "vi-guy@example.com" "INBOX.junk") ;; (2)
                 "INBOX.jokes")) ;; (3)
         ;; ... other splitting rules go here

The first rule matches all messages with
“joke-mailing-list@example.com” in from- or to-related headers.
Matching messages are processed with another split rule, which moves
messages from vi-guy@example.com to a separate group(2) and files the
other messages in INBOX.jokes(3). To learn more about creating complex
rules, read the Gnus Info manual for “Fancy Mail Splitting”.

Emacs Gnus: Searching Mail

Posted: - Modified: | emacs, wickedcoolemacs

There are several ways to find messages in Emacs. From the summary
buffer, you can use / o (gnus-summary-insert-old-articles) to display
all or some old messages. You can then scan through the headers in the
summary buffer by using C-s (isearch-forward), or you can limit the
displayed messages with these commands:

Messages from a given author / a gnus-summary-limit-to-author
Messages whose subjects matching a given regular expression / / gnus-summary-limit-to-subject
Messages that match a given extra header / x gnus-summary-limit-to-extra-headers
Messages at least N days old / t gnus-summary-limit-to-age

Limits work on the messages that are currently displayed, so you can
apply multiple limits. If you make a mistake, use / w
(gnus-summary-pop-limit) to remove the previous limit. You can repeat
/ w (gnus-summary-pop-limit) until satisfied. To remove all the
limits, type C-u / w (gnus-summary-popl-limit).

If you specify a prefix, the limit’s meaning is reversed. For
example, C-u / a (gnus-summary-limit-to-author) will remove the
messages from the matching author or authors.

You can use Gnus to search the currently-displayed messages by using
M-s (gnus-summary-search-article-forward) and M-r
(gnus-summary-search-article-backward).

If you want to search a lot of mail, you’ll find NNIR handy. NNIR is a
front-end to mail search engines which can index your mail and return
search results quickly. If you want to use NNIR with a local or remote
IMAP server, you will need to use nnir.el and imap.el. If you download
your mail using fetchmail or connect to a POP3 server and use an nnml
backend, you can use NNIR with a search engine such as swish-e to
search your ~/Mail directory efficiently.

1.6.7.1 Setting up IMAP and NNIR

If you use IMAP, then your mail is stored on the mail server and
you’ll need to use the IMAP search interface to search through
it. Download nnir.el from
http://www.emacswiki.org/cgi-bin/wiki/download/nnir.el and save it to
your ~/elisp directory. You will also need an imap.el that is newer
than the one that comes with Emacs 22. Download imap.el from
http://www.emacswiki.org/cgi-bin/wiki/download/imap.el and save it to
your ~/elisp directory as well. Because Gnus comes with an older
version of imap.el, you will need to make sure that the new version of
imap.el is loaded. Add the following to your ~/.gnus:

(add-to-list 'load-path "~/elisp")
(load-file "~/elisp/imap.el")
(require 'nnir)

Restart your Emacs. You can check if the correct version of imap.el
has been loaded by typing M-x locate-library and specifying
imap.el. If Emacs reports “~/elisp/imap.el”, then Gnus is configured
to use the updated imap.el.

1.6.7.2 Setting up POP3 and NNIR

If you use the configuration for POP3 that is suggested in this
chapter, then your mail is stored in the nnml backend, which uses one
file per message. To search this using NNIR, to install nnir.el and an
external search mail engine. The Namazu search engine runs on Linux,
UNIX, and Microsoft Windows, so that’s what we’ll talk about here. To
find and configure other mail search engines supported by NNIR, check
out the comments in nnir.el.

First, you’ll need to download and install Namazu. If Namazu is
available as a package for your distribution, install it that way, as
it depends on a number of other programs. An installer for Microsoft
Windows can be found at http://www.namazu.org/windows/ . If you need
to build Namazu from source, you can get the source code and instructions
from http://www.namazu.org .

After you’ve installed Namazu, create a directory for Namazu’s index
files, such as ~/.namazu-mail. Then index your mail by typing this at
the command-line:

mknmz --mailnews -O ~/.namazu-mail ~/Mail

and add the following to your ~/.gnus:

(add-to-list 'load-path "~/elisp")
(require 'nnir)
(setq nnir-search-engine 'namazu)
(setq nnir-namazu-index-directory (expand-file-name "~/.namazu-mail"))
(setq nnir-namazu-remove-prefix (expand-file-name "~/Mail"))
(setq nnir-mail-backend gnus-select-method)
1.6.7.3 Searching your mail with NNIR

From the group buffer displayed by M-x gnus, you can type G G
(gnus-group-make-nnir-group) to search your mail for a keyword.

If you’re using the Namazu search engine, then you can use more
sophisticated search queries such as:

Linux Emacs messages that contain both “Linux” and “Emacs”
Linux or Emacs messages that contain either “Linux” or “Emacs”
Emacs not Linux messages that contain “Emacs” but not “Linux”
Emacs and (Linux or Windows) messages that contain “Emacs” and either “Linux” or “Windows”
“apple pie” messages that contain the phrase “apple pie”
{apple pie} messages that contain the phrase “apple pie”
+from:example@example.com messages with example@example.com in the From: header
+subject:”apple pie” messages with the phrase “apple pie” in the Subject: header
+subject:apple +subject:pie messages whose Subject: headers contain both “apple” and “pie”

If
matching messages are found, then you will see a temporary group with
the results. Although you can’t delete messages from this view,
reading and replying to these messages is the same as reading and
replying to regular messages.

To see a message in its original context, type G T
(gnus-summary-nnir-goto-thread) from the summary buffer. This opens
the message’s original group. If Gnus asks you how many articles to
load, press RET to accept the default of all the articles.


This is a draft for the Wicked Cool Emacs book I’m working on. =) Hope it helps!

Wicked Cool Emacs: BBDB: Import CSV and vCard Files

| bbdb, emacs, wickedcoolemacs

If you have many contacts in another address book program, you can import them into BBDB. Two popular formats are comma-separated value files (CSV) and vCard files (VCF).

Project XXX: Import a CSV File into BBDB

To import a CSV file into BBDB, you will need csv.el from http://ulf.epplejasper.de/downloads/csv.el and lookout.el from http://ulf.epplejasper.de/downloads/lookout.el . Save both files to your ~/elisp directory. Make sure that your ~/elisp directory is in your load-path by adding the following line to your ~/.emacs:

(add-to-list 'load-path "~/elisp")

Export your contacts as an Outlook-style CSV file, then open the file in Emacs. After loading the following code, call M-x wicked/bbdb-import-csv-buffer to merge the CSV data into your address book. Emacs will try to update existing records based on the e-mail address or name provided, creating new records if necessary. After Emacs updates the records, the relevant records are displayed in the *BBDB* buffer. Here is the code to make that work:

ch6-bbdb-import-csv-buffer.el:

(require 'lookout)
(defconst wicked/lookout-bbdb-mapping-table-outlook
  '(("name" "Name")
    ("net" "E-mail Address")
    ("notes" "Notes")
    ("phones" "Mobile Phone"
     "Home Phone"
     "Home Phone 2"
     "Home Fax"
     "Business Phone"
     "Business Phone 2"
     "Business Fax"
     "Other Phone"
     "Other Fax")
    ("addr1" "Home Address")
    ("addr2" "Business Address")
    ("addr3" "Other Address")
    ("lastname" "Last Name")
    ("firstname" "First Name")
    ("job" "Job Title")
    ("company" "Company")
    ("otherfields" ""))
  "Field mappings for Outlook-type CSVs exported from Outlook, Gmail, LinkedIn, etc.")

(defun wicked/bbdb-import-csv-line (line)
  "Import LINE as a CSV, trying to merge it with existing records."
  (let* (record
	 (name  (lookout-bbdb-get-value "name" line))
	 (lastname (lookout-bbdb-get-value "lastname" line))
	 (firstname (lookout-bbdb-get-value "firstname" line))
	 (company   (lookout-bbdb-get-value "company" line))
         (job       (lookout-bbdb-get-value "job" line))
	 (net       (lookout-bbdb-get-value "net" line))
	 (addr1     (lookout-bbdb-get-value "addr1" line))
	 (addr2     (lookout-bbdb-get-value "addr2" line))
	 (addr3     (lookout-bbdb-get-value "addr3" line))
	 (phones    (lookout-bbdb-get-value "phones" line t)) ;; !
	 (notes     (lookout-bbdb-get-value "notes" line ))
         (j (concat job ", " company))
	 (otherfields (lookout-bbdb-get-value "otherfields" line t))
	 (addrs nil)
         name-search
	 (message ""))
    (if (string= company "") (setq company nil))
    (if (string= notes "") (setq notes nil))
    (if (string= name "") (setq name nil))
    (setq name-search (concat "^" (or name (concat firstname " " lastname))))
    (setq record (or (bbdb-search (bbdb-records) nil nil net)
		     (bbdb-search (bbdb-records) name-search)))
    (if record
	(progn
	  ;; Matching records found, update first matching record
	  (setq record (car record))
	  (let ((nets (bbdb-record-net record)))
	    (unless (member net nets)
	      ;; New e-mail address noticed, add to front of list
	      (add-to-list 'nets net)
	      (bbdb-record-set-net record nets)
	      (message "%s: New e-mail address noticed: %s"
		       (or name (concat firstname " " lastname)) net)))
	  ;; Check if job title and company have changed
	  (when (or job company)
	    (cond
	     ((string= (or (bbdb-record-company record) "") "")
	      (bbdb-record-set-company record j))
	     ((string= (bbdb-record-company record) j)
	      nil)
	     (t
	      (bbdb-record-set-notes
	       record
	       (concat "Noticed change from job title of "
		       (bbdb-record-company record)
		       "\n"
		       (bbdb-record-notes record)))
	      (message "%s: Noticed change from job title of %s to %s"
		       (or name (concat firstname " " lastname))
		       (bbdb-record-company record) j)
	      (bbdb-record-set-company record j)))))
      ;; No record found, create record
      (if (and addr1 (> (length addr1) 0))
	  (add-to-list 'addrs
		       (vector "Address 1" (list addr1) "" "" "" "")))
      (if (and addr2 (> (length addr2) 0))
	  (add-to-list 'addrs
		       (vector "Address 2" (list addr2) "" "" "" "")))
      (if (and addr3 (> (length addr3) 0))
	  (add-to-list 'addrs
		       (vector "Address 3" (list addr3) "" "" "" "")))
      (setq record (list
		    (wicked/lookout-bbdb-create-entry
		     (or name (concat firstname " " lastname))
		     (concat job ", " company)
		     net
		     addrs
		     phones
		     notes
		     otherfields))))
    record))
  
(defun wicked/lookout-bbdb-create-entry (name company net addrs phones notes
					      &optional otherfields)
  (when (or t (y-or-n-p (format "Add %s to bbdb? " name)))
    ;;(message "Adding record to bbdb: %s" name)
    (let ((record (bbdb-create-internal name company net addrs phones notes)))
      (unless record (error "Error creating bbdb record"))
      (mapcar (lambda (i)
		(let ((field (make-symbol (aref i 0)))
		      (value (aref i 1)))
		  (when (and value (not (string= "" value)))
		    (bbdb-insert-new-field record field value))))
	      otherfields)
      record)))

(defun wicked/bbdb-import-csv-buffer ()
  "Import this buffer."
  (interactive)
  (let ((lookout-bbdb-mapping-table
	 wicked/lookout-bbdb-mapping-table-outlook))
    (bbdb-display-records
     (mapcar
      'wicked/bbdb-import-csv-line
      (csv-parse-buffer t)))))

Project xxx: Import a vCard File into BBDB

To import a vCard file (VCF) into BBDB, you will need vcard.el from http://www.splode.com/~friedman/software/emacs-lisp/src/vcard.el and bbdb-vcard-import.el from http://www-pu.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/users/crestani/downloads/bbdb-vcard-import.el . By default, these files allow you to import names and e-mail addresses from vCard files exported from various address book programs. Save vcard.el and bbdb-vcard-import.el to your ~/elisp directory and add the following lines to your ~/.emacs:

(add-to-list 'load-path "~/elisp")
(require 'bbdb-vcard-import)

Back up your ~/.bbdb file before calling M-x bbdb-vcard-import to import a file or M-x bbdb-vcard-import-buffer to import the current buffer. WARNING: If your vCard file includes fields with multiline values, you may get silent errors. Verify your import by browsing through the displayed entries. If some of them have been misread, revert to your backup ~/.bbdb by closing Emacs and copying your backup over the ~/.bbdb file. To fix the multi-line error, include the following lines in your ~/.emacs:

(defun wicked/vcard-parse-region (beg end &optional filter)
  "Parse the raw vcard data in region, and return an alist representing data.
This function is just like `vcard-parse-string' except that it operates on
a region of the current buffer rather than taking a string as an argument.

Note: this function modifies the buffer!"
  (or filter
      (setq filter 'vcard-standard-filter))
  (let ((case-fold-search t)
        (vcard-data nil)
        (pos (make-marker))
        (newpos (make-marker))
        properties value)
    (save-restriction
      (narrow-to-region beg end)
      (save-match-data
        ;; Unfold folded lines and delete naked carriage returns
        (goto-char (point-min))
        (while (re-search-forward "\r$\\|\n[ \t]" nil t)
          (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
          (delete-char 1))
        (goto-char (point-min))
        (re-search-forward "^begin:[ \t]*vcard[ \t]*\n")
        (set-marker pos (point))
        (while (and (not (looking-at "^end[ \t]*:[ \t]*vcard[ \t]*$"))
                    (re-search-forward ":[ \t]*" nil t))
          (set-marker newpos (match-end 0))
          (setq properties
                (vcard-parse-region-properties pos (match-beginning 0)))
          (set-marker pos (marker-position newpos))
          (re-search-forward "\n[-A-Z0-9;=]+:")   ;; change to deal with multiline
          (set-marker newpos (1+ (match-beginning 0))) ;; change to deal with multiline
          (setq value
                (vcard-parse-region-value properties pos (match-beginning 0)))
          (set-marker pos (marker-position newpos))
          (goto-char pos)
          (funcall filter properties value)
          (setq vcard-data (cons (cons properties value) vcard-data)))))
    (nreverse vcard-data)))
;; Replace vcard.el's definition
(fset 'vcard-parse-region 'wicked/vcard-parse-region)

Because address book programs don’t use standard labels for addresses and phone numbers, bbdb-vcard-import.el ignores those fields. For example, Gmail uses the generic field “Label” for address information and does not use separate fields for city, state, zip code, and country. While bbdb-snarf.el makes an attempt to extract addresses from plain text, it seems to be less trouble to export to the Outlook CSV format instead, or even to type the address in yourself. If you want to import addresses, see Project XXX: Import a CSV File into BBDB.

Here’s a partial workaround to enable you to import phone numbers. I tested this code with vCard files from Gmail and LinkedIn. To try it out, add the following modifications to your ~/.emacs:

(defun wicked/bbdb-vcard-merge (record)
  "Merge data from vcard interactively into bbdb."
  (let* ((name (bbdb-vcard-values record "fn"))
	 (company (bbdb-vcard-values record "org"))
	 (net (bbdb-vcard-get-emails record))
	 (addrs (bbdb-vcard-get-addresses record))
	 (phones (bbdb-vcard-get-phones record))
	 (categories (bbdb-vcard-values record "categories"))
	 (notes (and (not (string= "" categories))
		     (list (cons 'categories categories))))
	 ;; TODO: addrs are not yet imported.  To do this right,
	 ;; figure out a way to map the several labels to
	 ;; `bbdb-default-label-list'.  Note, some phone number
	 ;; conversion may break the format of numbers.
	 (bbdb-north-american-phone-numbers-p nil)
	 (new-record (bbdb-vcard-merge-interactively name
						     company
						     net
						     nil ;; Skip addresses
						     phones ;; Include phones
						     notes)))
    (setq bbdb-vcard-merged-records (append bbdb-vcard-merged-records 
					    (list new-record)))))
;; Replace bbdb-vcard-import.el's definition
(fset 'bbdb-vcard-merge 'wicked/bbdb-vcard-merge)

Evaluate this code or restart Emacs, then call M-x bbdb-import-vcard again, which should merge phone numbers into your BBDB records.