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Tiny Habits: The Small Changes that Change Everything - BJ Fogg, PhD (2020)

| visual-book-notes, productivity

Text from sketch

Tiny Habits - BJ Fogg, PhD (2020) - Notes by Sacha Chua 2024-11-11-07

  1. Help people do what they already want to do
  2. Help people feel successful.

Motivation + Ability + Prompt = Behavior

  • Motivation: Motivation-ability curve: gets done, doesn't get done, start small, easy to do
    • Motivation is unreliable:
      • Complex
      • Wavy
      • Fluctuates
      • → Abstract X
  • Ability: Person: increase skills; Action: reduce size; Context: get tools & resources
  • Prompt: No behavior happens without a prompt
    • Person prompt: unreliable
    • Context prompts: sticky checklists, timers, notes, …
    • Action prompt: something you already do
  • Keep the habit alive.
  • Starter step
  • Where can it fit? Match: Location, frequency, theme
  • What is making this hard to do?
    • Time
    • Money
    • Physical effort
    • Mental effort
    • Routine
  • Skills of change
    • Behavior crafting
    • Self-insight
    • Process: growing
    • Context: redesign
    • Mindset: new identity
  • Habits grow or multiply
  • I change best by feeling good.
  • Untangling knots: positive new habits, then stop easiest old ones
  • Anchor, Behavior, Celebration
    • Anchor:
      • Trailing edge
      • Meanwhile
      • Pearl Habits: transform irritants
    • Behavior:
      • Specific behaviors towards aspirations
      • Impact, motivation
      • Small
    • Celebration:
      • Immediate positive reinforcement
      • Emotions create habits
      • Celebration is a skill: being nice to yourself
      • Shine
      • Rehearse & celebrate
      • Celebration opportunities
        • Remembering
        • During
        • After

I picked up Tiny Habits: The Small Changes that Change Everything (BJ Fogg, PhD - 2020) after reading Atomic Habits (James Clear, 2022).

I like Tiny Habits's emphasis on celebration and cultivating that feeling of shine, which is something I've been thinking about lately because of parenting. It is much easier to help A+ grow when she's feeling good. In fact, it's nearly impossible to get through to her when she feels grumpy or stressed. Part of my job as a parent is to manage myself so that I can co-regulate when she's off-balance, help her improve her abilities, co-design prompts based on environment and actions, and celebrate with her.

I also want to spend some time thinking about pearl habits. There are some things that irritate me, like when A+ is bored in virtual class and wants me to interact with her when I want to focus on something else. I want to turn those moments into more positive things. She's looking for connection and stimulation. I'm also looking for stimulation and the satisfaction of getting something done, but it's not as important as parenting in that moment. I wonder how I can rewire this part of our day.

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How to Take Smart Notes - Sonke Ahrens (2017)

| visual-book-notes, writing, pkm, productivity, learning

I want to get better at making sense of things and sharing what I'm learning. Nudged by Chris Maiorana's post on Second Brain, Second Nature, I borrowed How to Take Smart Notes by Sönke Ahrens (2017). Here are my notes.

Text from sketch

How to Take Smart Notes - Sönke Ahrens. 2017 - sketched by Sacha Chua 2024-10-26-01

  • Niklas Luhmann: everything - writing; slipbox, Zettelkasten
  • Instead of: brainstorm (blank paper), then research (wrong topic? wrong understanding?), then write
  • Try a loop of:
    • Read with a pen in hand: short notes, your own understanding
    • Refine and connect your notes: elaborate.
    • Notice clusters
    • Develop into topics, write about them
    • reading ⇒ thinking ⇒writing
  • Types of notes
    • Fleeting: try to review within a day
    • Permanent: complete sentences, makes sense at a glance
    • Literature: short; use own words
    • Project: can be archived after
  • Work on multiple projects so you can switch between them and they can feed each other.
  • Things to think about.
    • Why is this interesting?
    • Why is this relevant?
    • How does this relate to other things?
    • What's not mentioned?
  • Numbering, physical references: let ideas mingle
    • 22, 22a, 22a1, 22b, 23, …
  • Retrieval cues
  • Saving cut pieces = easier editing
  • Verbund: by-products = resources
  • Writing → break it up!
    • reading, understanding, reflecting, getting ideas, connecting, distinguishing, rewording, structuring, organizing, editing, rewriting
  • Positive feedback loop: reading with pen, writing permanent notes, writing arguments…

The book goes into detail about Niklas Luhmann's Zettelkasten or slipbox system. Lots of people have written about Zettelkasten and various implementations. There's even a whole micro-industry around Notion templates. So I won't spend a lot of time right now describing what it is or what the key aspects are. I can focus instead on what that means to me and what I want to do with it.

Writing

By doing everything with the clear purpose of writing about it, you will do what you do deliberately.

I like chapter 5's focus on keeping writing in mind. I want to push most things towards writing and drawing (posts, code, whatever; public as much as possible) because it's a good way for me to remember and to learn from others. It's a reminder to not try speeding through my to-do list; it's good to slow down and write about stuff.

Following the work

I only do what is easy. I only write when I immediately know how to do it. If I falter for a moment, I put the matter aside and do something else.

I always work on different manuscripts at the same time. With this method, to work on different things simultaneously, I never encounter any mental blockages.

During my discretionary time, I usually follow the butterflies of my interest: working on what I feel like working on, moving on to something else when I get stuck. Sometimes I will work on something I have to do because it's got to be done, but those moments are rarer. Amidst all those productivity books that exhort you to focus on a limited number of things, it was nice to know that Luhmann also jumped from interest to interest, that the process of accumulating these notes builds things up into clusters with critical mass, and that these good habits build themselves up through positive feedback loops.

Different types of notes

I do all right capturing fleeting notes on my phone, but I want to get better at turning my fleeting notes into literature notes and permanent notes. I'd like to review them more frequently and spend some more time fleshing them out, with the goal of eventually turning more of those things into blog posts and code that I can share as I learn out loud.

I also don't really have a good way of putting topics "near" other topics yet. Categories are a little coarse, but maybe topic maps are a good starting point. It would be nice to have a quick way to put something before/after something else, though.

Different types of tasks

Writing a paper involves much more than just typing on the keyboard. It also means reading, understanding, reflecting, getting ideas, making connections, distinguishing terms, finding the right words, structuring, organizing, editing, correcting and rewriting.

I wonder if making these distinctions between the subtasks of writing will make it easier for me to break writing down into tiny tasks that can be completed and gotten out of my brain.

Thinking about connections, thinking about what's missing

I want to get better at connecting ideas to other things I've thought about by linking to blog posts or notes. That might also help me build up thoughts out of smaller chunks, which would be helpful when it comes to working with fragmented thoughts.

Thinking about what's not in the picture is hard, and that kind of critical thinking is something I want to practise more. I can pay attention to the follow-up questions I have so that I can get a sense of where to look for more insights or what to experiment with. Questioning the way something is framed is also good and something I don't do often enough.

For example, I wanted to dig into this quote:

Luhmann’s only real help was a housekeeper who cooked for him and his children during the week, not that extraordinary considering he had to raise three children on his own after his wife died early.

I ended up doing a tiny bit of research on my phone and putting it into Niklas Luhmann's Zettelkasten and life with kids (the kids were in their teens at the time, so they were probably a lot more independent than A+ is at the moment).

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Visual book notes: Atomic Habits

| visual-book-notes, productivity

Text from sketch

Atomic Habits - James Clear (2022) - Notes by Sacha Chua 2024-10-21-05

  • time vs results: valley of disappointment: (we expect linear progress)
  • Achieving a Goal only changes your life for the moment.
  • In order to improve for good, solve problems at the system level.
  • Fall in love with process rather than product.
  • Not "what do you want to achieve?", who do you want to become?
    • prove it with small wins
      • habits
  • Problem phase
    • Cue: Make it obvious.
      • point & call: raise level of awareness
      • common cues: time, location, other habits
      • Manage your environment
    • Craving: Make it attractive.
      • Temptation bundling
        • anticipation, dopamine, action
      • Social groups
      • Reframe
  • Solution phase
    • Response: Make it easy.
      • Make it easier to do the right things
      • Motion != action
      • Repetitions, automaticity: habit line
      • Make your habits so easy that you'll do them even when you don't feel like it
      • 2 minutes
    • Reward: Make it satisfying.
      • Immediate
      • Visuals: paper clip strategy, tracker
  • Habits can be easier to change in a new environment. (old cues gone)
  • You have to fall in love with boredom
  • Habit stacking
  • My take aways:
    • Processes, not products
    • Analyze & redesign:
      • habits I have
      • habits I want
    • be thoughtful about helping the kiddo learn

In my life

Habits I'm tinkering with:

  • Tidying and listening: When the kiddo watches videos in the afternoon, I'll get dinner started (unless W- has taken care of it already), and then I'll listen to a podcast while tidying.
  • Reading: It turns out I can export my highlights from Libby, even from a returned book. That means I can do a little reading at night or when I have a spare moment on my phone, then look at the highlights when doing a sketchnote. This makes it easier and allows me to feel like I can squeeze it in whenever..
  • Shuffling my to-do list: I'm experimenting with shuffling my unscheduled tasks to add some variable rewards to my someday/maybe list, increasing its attractiveness.

I like the focus on process rather than product. I was briefly enamoured with Big Hairy Audacious Goals but it turned out that wasn't really that motivating for me. These days, I'm more curious about enjoying life, making sense of things, and making incremental improvements to my processes.

I don't quite agree with the thought that you have to fall in love with boredom. I think part of continuous improvement is being able to find more things to be curious about, even with the basics, and to enjoy your progress and consistency. Maybe "fall in love with boredom" isn't quite the right wording for me. I think the author meant that you've got to be able to keep doing the routine stuff, which makes sense, but I hope I can still occasionally find interesting things in it. My brain probably just doesn't like the idea of boredom very much and has a bit of a visceral reaction to the word.

I am also iffy about streaks (they're not that motivating for me), commitment contracts and punishment (definitely not the way my brain likes to work), and never missing twice. My approach of being curious and gentle with myself might be suboptimal, but that's okay with me.

Parenting

When it comes to parenting and helping the kiddo learn habits, the approach I'm gradually coming to feels a little different from the bonus chapter he posted on his website.

I like explicitly talking about figuring out how to work with our particular brains and bodies, including habit mechanisms and dopamine. The kiddo is eight and quite capable of co-experimenting. She likes to alternate homework with snuggles, Minecraft, or Youtube videos. Sometimes I feel a little twitchy about alternating, like, two minutes of homework with twenty minutes of videos, but she's managed to get all her work done so far.

That also means I talk about how I'm figuring out my brain. When I forget something, I talk about how I'm going to change the cues for it so that I remember.

I want to develop intrinsic motivation and pride more than using praise, since I don't want her to rely too much on other people's evaluation of her. I try to focus my verbal feedback on enthusiastically observing what she's doing and how she's feeling. ("You worked on your homework and got that part done, and it's not even 9 AM! Does that feel so satisfying?") Now she occasionally talks about wanting to do certain things (ex: walk home instead of riding in my cargo bike) because of the satisfaction she'll feel, so I think it's working.

Identity and pride are helpful for habit formation, but it can be easy to develop a fixed mindset ("I'm smart") instead of a growth mindset. It's also easy to focus on results that might not always be within her control. I want to focus her attention more on what she does and how she does it. It's like not focusing on "being a good student" or "getting good grades", but on figuring out how to work with her brain. Assigments and grades are part of the feedback mechanism, but they're not the most important thing.

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Visual book notes: Influence is Your Superpower - Zoe Chance (2022)

| visual-book-notes, parenting

It was interesting to read Zoe Chance's book Influence is Your Superpower (2022) with a focus on influencing A-, who is 6 years old and definitely more reachable via her Gator brain than her Judge brain. Shining is easier because I have to connect with just one person who really wants to connect with me. Creating space with the "No" challenge is a little tougher, since she's pretty wise to the way I try to soften nos. ("You always say later!") But I'm definitely going to try to practise doing aikido with her mind, accepting her resistance and exploring it with questions. I can work on using my relaxed voice most of the time, especially since she's sensitive to my tone. I also like the tip about using the Zeigarnik effect to invite her curiosity and get her to ask, maybe by using things like "I might know something that could help. Would you like to hear about it?" instead of jumping in with advice. Paying attention to how we frame things (monumental, manageable, mysterious?) and challenging ourselves to do bigger and better might be fun, too. She's old enough that I might even be able to ask her, "What would it take?" I'm sure she'll pick up that behaviour quickly and ask me that when she wants something, so I'd better be prepared for that!

Visual Book Notes: Four Thousand Weeks: Time Management for Mortals - Oliver Burkeman (2021)

| visual-book-notes, parenting, experiment

I liked Oliver Burkeman's 2021 book Four Thousand Weeks: Time Management for Mortals. It covered many of the things I've been working learning on for the past 10 years on this experiment with semi-retirement and parenting. Learning to sit with anxieties and uncertainties, accepting my limits and working with them, being here now… These are the lessons I find myself practising every day.

Some things have gotten easier. I've become comfortable with an ever-growing task list that I know I'll never clear. My default task status is SOMEDAY, and I treat the list like a buffet of ideas that I can choose from when I want to. Which is hardly ever, since I'm still living on kid time and have very little focused time for myself. Most days I'm okay with this, as childhood is fleeting and my main challenge is to really be here for it. This is tough. I've been learning that I'm very human. I turn into a hangry ogre if we're out too late. I grump at A- if I get too tired. I work on separating the shark music of my anxiety from what's really going on. We joke about my squirrel brain and find ways to deal with its limits. I've given up many of my illusions about control. Knowing that I still have lots to learn even though I'm almost 39 makes it much easier for me to appreciate A-'s being 6. My journal helps me see how the days build up into months and years. I'm still on the anxious side, but W- helps balance that, and developing resourcefulness and resilience will help too.

While the book is mostly about confronting and working with the limits of being mortal, it also had some interesting thoughts about the value of being in sync with other people. Tangling my life up with W- and A- has helped me learn about things I would never have stretched myself to do on my own. I can see how A- enjoys playing with her friends. We've decided to go with virtual school for Grade 1 to minimize COVID risks (and I've been keeping an eye on monkeypox news too, ugh). I wonder if we can get a full synchronous exemption again this year. It's been nice following A-'s interests. But we did kinda miss out on group experiences of music and dance, and I'm not sure I'll find outdoor classes for those within walking distance. Online classes exist, but then we'll need to sync up with someone else's schedule. Maybe someday, if A- wants it strongly enough. Here I remind myself not to worry too much about her future, not to try to orchestrate things too much. It is enough to observe, support, and join her in learning. Besides, we can still have fun with clapping games and tea parties.

Anyway. Mortality. Cosmic insignificance. I can attest that thinking about these things can be surprisingly reassuring. All we can do is what we can do, and that's enough. Tomorrow I will dress and eat and brush teeth and play and tidy and do other things that I do every day. Against this backdrop of mostly-sameness, A- grows. If I pay attention, I may even notice it–for just as unexpected lasts sneak up on you, unexpected firsts do as well. If I pay attention, I might notice I'm growing too.

Making a menu of activities

| sketchnotes, drawing, parenting, play

A- wants to be with me almost all the time. This can be challenging.

A multiple-choice question is easier than a fill-in-the-blank one, especially when it comes to "What do we do now?" A- seems less grumpy throughout the day when she can go from one activity to another of her choosing. I like letting her take the lead. I also like not having to come up with stuff. During bedtime, I sketched this menu:

Visual book notes: Helping Children Succeed: What Works and Why (Paul Tough)

| parenting, visual-book-notes

Here are my notes on Paul Tough's 2016 book Helping Children Succeed: What Works and Why. It turns out that he's made the book freely available online, so you can read the book with embedded videos and links.

The main thing I got from it is the importance of thinking about the environment kids learn in. A- has a pretty low-stress environment at the moment, although she might run into a few challenges later on. As I help A- learn, I also want to help her internalize these messages, which I've paraphrased from the book:

I belong. I can do that through our relationship by being warm, responsive, and encouraging.
I grow. I can reinforce this by telling stories about how she's learning.
I can do it. I can scaffold her learning and encourage her when she's frustrated.
It's worthwhile. I can show how her learning pays off and I can help her set inspiring challenges.

I can influence the development of non-cognitive traits through our relationship and through the kind of work she does.

When I read the section on home visiting, it reminded me of how much I appreciated the Healthy Babies Healthy Children home-visiting program run by Toronto Public Health. The nurse and the home visitor taught me more about playing with A- by highlighting small things I was doing well. Because they called attention to those practices, that made it easier for me to do more of those things. I like doing something similar with A-, noticing and naming the things she's doing well so that she gets a sense of her growth.

The book is okay, kinda light, but it isn't a must-read. It was a good nudge to think about what A-‘s picking up in addition to the things that are easier to measure and observe.