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The imperfect fungibility of time: thinking about how to use money to accelerate learning

Posted: - Modified: | learning

Any time I want to, I could spend more time consulting. This would make my clients happy. It would help me create much more value, and they would get more value from me than from other ways they could spend their budget. I would improve my skills along the way, especially with people's requests and feedback. And to top it all off, I would earn more money that I could add to my savings, exchange for other people's time or talents, or use to improve our quality of life.

How hard is it to resist the temptation to work on other people's things? It's like trying to focus on cooking lentils when there's a pan of fudge brownies right there, just waiting to for a bite. It's like wandering through the woods in hope of coming across something interesting when you know you can go back to the road and the road will take you to an enormous library. It's like trying to build something out of sand when there's a nifty LEGO Technic kit you can build instead. It's probably like Odysseus sailing past Sirens, if the Sirens sang, "We need you! You can help us! Plus you can totally kit out your ship and your crew with the treasures we'll give you and the experience you'll gain!"

Maybe I can use this temptation's strength against it.

Maybe I can treat client work (with its attendant rewards and recognition) as a carrot that I can have if I make good progress on my personal projects. If I hit the ground running in the morning, then I can work on client stuff in the afternoon. A two-hour span is probably a good-sized chunk of time for programming or reporting. It's not as efficient as a four-hour chunk, but it'll force me to keep good notes, and I know I can get a fair bit done in that time anyway.

The other part of this is making sure that I don't give myself too-low targets so that I can get to client work. It'll be tempting to pick a small task, do it, and say, "There, I'm done. Moving on!" But I have to sit with uncertainty and figure things out. I expect that learning to work on my own things will mean encountering and dealing with inner Resistance. I expect that my anxious side will whisper its self-doubt. So I lash myself to the mast and sail past the Sirens, heading towards (if I'm lucky!) years of wandering.

Part of this is the realization that even after my experiments with delegation, I'm still not good at converting money back into time, learning, ability, or enjoyment. Time is not really fungible, or at least I haven't figured out how to convert it efficiently. I can convert time to money through work, but I find it difficult to convert money back to time (through delegation) or use it to accelerate learning.

Extra money tends to go into projects, tools or cooking experiments. Gardening is one of my luxuries: a few bags of dirt, some seeds and starters, and an excuse to be outside regularly. Paying someone to do the first draft of a transcript gets around my impatience with listening to my own voice. Aside from these regular decisions, I tend to think carefully about what I spend on. Often a low-cost way of doing something also helps me learn a lot – sometimes much more than throwing money at the problem would.

But there are things that money can buy, and it's good for me to learn how to make better decisions about that. For example, a big savings goal might be "buying" more of W-'s time, saving up in case he wants to experiment with a more self-directed life as well. House maintenance projects need tools, materials, and sometimes skilled help. Cooking benefits from experimentation, better ingredients, and maybe even instruction.

What about accelerating my learning so that I can share even more useful stuff? Working with other people can help me:

  • take advantage of external perspectives (great for editing)
  • organize my learning path into a more effective sequence
  • learn about adjacent possibilities and low-hanging fruit
  • bridge gaps
  • improve through feedback
  • create scaffolds/structures and feed motivation
  • set up and observe deliberate practice
  • direct my awareness to what's important

In order to make the most of this, I need to get better at:

  • identifying what I want to learn
  • identifying who I can learn from
  • approaching them and setting up a relationship
  • experimenting
  • following up

How have I invested money into learning, and what have the results been like?

Tools? Yup, totally worth it, even for the tools I didn't end up using much of (ex: ArtRage). Do more of this. How can I get better at:

  • keeping an eye out for potentially useful tools:
    • Emacs packages
    • AutoHotkey scripts/ideas
    • Windows/Linux tools related to writing, drawing, coding
  • evaluating whether a tool can fit my workflow
  • supporting people who make good tools
    • expressing appreciation
    • contributing code
    • writing about tools
    • sending money

Books? Some books have been very useful. On the other hand, the library has tons of books, so I have an infinite backlog of free resources. Buying and sketchnoting new books (or going to author events) is good for connecting with authors and readers about the book du jour, but on the other hand, I also get a lot of value from focusing on classics that I want to remember.

Conferences? Mostly interesting for meeting people and bumping into them online through the years. Best if I go as a speaker (makes conversations much easier and reduces costs) and/or as a sketchnoter (long-term value creation). It would be even awesomer if I could combine this with in-person intensive learning, like a hackathon or a good workshop…

Courses? Meh. Not really impressed by the online courses I've taken so far, but then again, I don't think I'm approaching them with the right mindset either.

Things I will carve out opportunity-fund space for so that I can try more of them:

Pairing/coaching/tutoring? Tempting, especially in terms of Emacs, Node/Javascript, Rails, or Japanese. For example, some goals might be:

  • Learn how to improve Emacs Lisp performance and reliability: profiling, code patterns, tests, etc.
  • Define and adopt better Emacs habits
    • Writing
    • Organization
    • Planning
    • Programming
  • Write more elegant and testable Javascript
  • Set up best-practices Javascript/CSS/HTML/Rails environment in Emacs
  • Learn how to take advantage of new features in WordPress
  • Write more other-directed posts
  • Get better at defining what I want to learn and reaching out to people

Actually, in general, how does one accelerate learning?

  • General learning techniques: spaced repetition, skill breakdowns, deliberate practice…
  • Structure and motivation: personal trainers, courses
  • Instruction and perspective: expert, peer, or external
  • Higher-quality resources: original research, well-written/organized resources, richer media, good level of detail, experience/authority
  • Better tools: things are often much easier and more fun
  • Experimentation: learning from experience, possibly coming up with new observations
  • Feedback, analysis: experience, thoroughness
  • Immersion: languages, retreats
  • Outsourcing: research, summaries, scale, skills, effort
  • Relationships: serendipity, connection, conversation, mentoring, sponsorship
  • Community: premium courses or membership sites often offer this as a benefit
  • Freedom: safety net that permits experimentation, time to focus on it instead of worrying about bills, etc.

Hmm. I have some experience in investing in better tools, higher-quality resources, experimentation, feedback/analysis, delegation, and freedom. I'd like to get better at that and at investing in relationships and outsourcing. Come to think of it, that might be more useful than focusing on learning from coaching/instruction, at least for now.

Let me imagine what using money to accelerate learning would be like:

  • Relationships
    • Get to know individuals faster and deeper
      • Free: Build org-contacts profiles of people who are part of my tribe (people who comment/link/interact); think about them on a regular basis
      • Free: Proactively reach out and explore shared interests/curiosities
      • $: Figure out digital equivalent of treating people to lunch or coffee: conversation + maybe investing time into creating a good resource for them and other people + sending cash, donating to charity, or (best) cultivating reciprocal learning
      • $: Sign up for a CRM that understands Gmail, Twitter, and maybe even Disqus
    • Identify things to learn about and reach out to people who are good role models for those skills
      • Free: Be specific about things I want to learn
      • Free: Find people who know how to do those things (maybe delegate research)
      • $: Possibly buy their resources, apply their advice
      • $: Reach out with results and questions, maybe an offer to donate to their favourite charity
    • Help the community (like Emacs evil plans; rising tide lifts all boats)
      • $: Invest time and money into creating good resources
      • Be approachable
      • $: Bring the community together. Invest in platforms/organization. For example, I can use whatever I would have spent on airfare to create a decent virtual conference experience, or figure out the etiquette of having an assistant set up and manage Emacs Hangouts/Chats.
  • Outsourcing
    • Identify things that I want to do, regardless of skills
    • $: Experiment with outsourcing parts that I don't know how to do yet (or even the ones I can do but want external perspectives on)
    • Use the results to determine what I actually want and what to learn more about; iterate as needed

Huh, that's interesting. When I start thinking about investing in learning, I tend to fixate on finding a coach because I feel a big gap around directly asking people for help. But I can invest in other ways that might be easier or more effective to start with. Hmm… Thoughts?

View or add comments (Disqus), or e-mail me at sacha@sachachua.com

Caring for things without caring about things

Posted: - Modified: | life

sweaterShopping for and buying things is stressful for me. There are so many decisions to make, and so few things that fit my life well. When I look for shoes or clothes, it’s difficult to find simple, practical styles. When I look for gadgets or games, I wonder if I’ll really use them. I think about not only the hours of my life that the dollars represent, but also the need for storage, use, maintenance, and disposal. I try to postpone purchases until I understand what I need, and even then, I buy grudgingly. (Do I really need it? I’ve survived thus far, haven’t I? How do other people manage? What kinds of benefits do I expect? What are the costs? What can I learn from previous decisions? Can I wait a month or two for a good sale?)

I’d like to become the kind of person who cares for things without caring about things—to keep my things in order, but to not get so attached to them that I lose my equanimity. Time to grow up. Time to learn how to maintain what I have, and how to choose new purchases well. Time to embrace repair and modification. Time to embrace the hours of research as an opportunity to geek out about something, like the way that W- knows a lot about kitchen knives and shoes. Time to spend for quality (but not over-engineering, or more quality than I can use).

I want to know I can take care of nice things before I buy a lot of nice things. This can be a little difficult, because cheap things are often cheap because they’re not designed to be durable. I can practise some habits even before I upgrade stuff to see whether the habits are sustainable and useful.

For example, several of my sweaters have small holes in them. Moths? Cats? Rips? Laundry? Not sure. I’ve already frozen my sweaters to help kill insects; the recent ice-storm-caused power outage probably took care of the rest. Step 1: Stop tossing my sweaters into the washing machine, even on the delicates/hand-wash cycle, because of detergent and agitation. Instead, air, then hand-wash. Step 2: Hang up all my sweaters to air. Step 3: Prepare my own lavender sachets next year, when the lavender in the front yard flowers again, and clean all the drawers. Sand the cedar blocks, too. Step 4: Figure out my long-term sweater solution. (Still have to decide on the colour anyway, since black doesn’t work well with cats… Maybe browns and argyles? Maybe non-wool, even though wool is warmer?)

I’m gradually going to rotate out the things that I hadn’t taken care of so well, depending on whether I feel like upgrading them. But I’m also going to limit the things I care about upgrading. I don’t particularly feel the need to be part of the cashmere-and-pearls set. In terms of office wear, I can switch to blazers for now. Even moth-eaten sweaters are still warm around the house. Who knows, maybe someday I’ll learn how to felt.

Part of it is accepting that my life is a messy and imperfect one: ink stains on my cuff, scratches on my shoes, sweater pills on my shoulder due to cats digging in their claws. (“No, don’t go back to writing yet! Cuddle me more!”)

I can learn to optimize for durability, though. I can learn to spot things that are worth the cost. I can learn to get better at squeezing out more from the things I have, so that they wear out properly. A stitch in time, and all that. I’ll figure this out eventually!

View or add comments (Disqus), or e-mail me at sacha@sachachua.com

How hacking my wants helped me experiment with early retirement

| experiment, finance, life

During his Third Tuesday Toronto talk on How to Live an Amazing Life (see notes), C.C. Chapman saw me sketchnoting near the front and called it out as an example of a creative and unusual profession. He asked (probably rhetorically) how I explain it to other people. I said that I usually told people I was retired, which boggled even more people. He said I should tell my story more.

So this is where I am, how I got here, and what I’m learning along the way. I’ve been extraordinarily lucky, so this is definitely not a recipe for how you should live your life. (Hard to plan for luck!) But maybe it helps show some of the possibilities, and maybe that will shape some of your decisions, and maybe that will lead you to living an even awesomer life than I do. (Please share your notes!)

How I prepared for this phase

It helped that I had never been buried in debt. I graduated without student loans, thanks to scholarships, assistantships, and my parents’ financial support. My mom had drilled into us the importance of never carrying a credit card balance and of living within our means. I’ve never had a car, so I’ve never had a car loan. W- owns the house we live in, so I’ve never had a mortgage. My parents are doing all right, and so far they haven’t had any major health issues. This gives me a lot more space than most people have, and I’m grateful for this excellent start.

I had saved the majority of my income ever since I started working at IBM. I grew up reading personal finance books, so when I started working, I was excited by the opportunity to practise good habits and resist lifestyle inflation. I knew I wanted to try other things someday, and a good nest egg would help me with that. I remembered how my sister saved up for her trip to South Africa. She told us how she would say to herself something like: "One hamburger here, or one more day in Africa?" That made it easier for her to make frugal decisions. I also learned how to think about expenses in terms of how much time it took me to earn the money to pay for them. Was that purchase really worth several hours or even days of my life? Usually, the answer was no.

Keeping my wants simple meant that I didn’t feel deprived. I kept the same lifestyle I had enjoyed as a graduate student, aside from occasional new expenses like buying office clothes. I still enjoyed home-cooked meals, books from the library, and taking public transit or my bicycle; I didn’t need to swap those out just because I was earning more. I didn’t buy designer handbags, perfume, or makeup. W- and I agreed that we wouldn’t buy each other gifts. Stuff was just stuff, after all. Reading books like A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy helped me realize that a lot of luxuries that other people might consider part of happiness are entirely optional and could easily be substituted by inexpensive or free activities that I enjoy. I’m a happy person by default, and I’d learned early on that happiness doesn’t come if you chasing after it. That and growing up in an advertising photography studio probably helped me gain a resistance to marketing, which made it easy for me to focus on simple joys.

I’d learned from Early Retirement Extreme and Mr. Money Mustache that reducing your expenses can drastically increase the rate at which you earn your freedom. A penny saved is more than a penny earned. If you spend $2 for every $4 you earn, you free up a year for every year you work. If you reduce that to $1 for every $4 you earn, you free up three years for every year you work. This gave me even more incentive to shift my spending to the things that really mattered to me instead of frittering it away.

After I filled up a decent-sized emergency fund, I split my savings among long-term investments as well as a short-term opportunity fund. The long-term investments were for peace of mind, while the opportunity fund was for learning how to make better decisions. I figured that as long as I was saving at least 10-20% for the long term, I’d be well ahead of where most people would be at my age. In practice, I ended up saving much more than that, and it was liberating.

Following Tim Ferriss’ advice in the 4-Hour Work Week to figure out the actual costs of your ideal lifestyle, I realized that I didn’t actually need that much money to support the modest lifestyle that I wanted. After tracking my expenses for more than seven years, I had a good idea of what my core and discretionary expenses were. When I estimated how much I needed, I was pleasantly surprised to discover that I was practically there in terms of my opportunity fund. I set aside what I needed for five years using laddered GICs, and I left my long-term investments alone as a safety net.

As I was building up that opportunity fund, I started planning what I could do with it. I wanted to learn about building businesses that could fit into the kind of lifestyle I wanted: plenty of time at home with family and other interests. I talked to many mentors about their careers – consulting, web development, startups, small companies, large corporations. Many people wished they had more time, but they were handcuffed by their financial commitments: a mortgage, college educations, private schools, expensive hobbies, and so on. If I kept my expenses low and saved up enough, I could free myself (even temporarily), and then explore from there.

I decided that instead of waiting until I had sorted everything out, I would take a risk and move some years from my "retirement," like the way Stefan Sagmeister interrupts his work with year-long sabbaticals. But I wanted more time than that, and five years seemed like a good chunk of time to work with. Statistically speaking, most businesses fail within their first five years. If I gave myself at least five years without worrying about cashflow, I probably had a decent chance of learning enough about business to build something that can last me a while. Besides, five years would be longer than my high school, longer than the time I spent in university, longer than the time I worked at IBM… If I could learn so much and grow so much during those periods, I should be able to make good use of five years too. I figured that if I could give myself the space to explore these possibilities, I should, since not many people get a chance to do so.

Like the way I get ready for other risks, I plumbed the possibilities of failure. What if I ended up with nothing to show for the five years? I’d probably have at least a story, though – people are really good at rationalization. What if something happened to W-? If I kept in touch with people and I kept my skills sharp, I could probably go back into web development or consulting easily. What if? What if? What if? When I was comfortable with the downsides as well as the upsides, I gave myself the go-ahead.

The timing worked out wonderfully. I had a one-on-one meeting scheduled with my manager to discuss the results of the yearly performance review. He told me that once again, I’d received a top rating. I told him that was fantastic – and that I was planning to leave in order to start on this experiment. I really liked working with IBM and was happy to leave at a convenient time for the team, so they asked me to stay on for a couple of projects that needed my web development skills. A few months later, I wrapped up all my work, and I started my experiment in February 2012.

So far, it’s awesome

Thanks to amazing people, I hit the ground running. I had expected to flounder around a little trying to find ways to create value, but people stepped forward right away with suggestions. A former colleague had read my blog posts preparing for the experiment and wanted to know if I was interested in working with his team, so I had my first consulting client lined up. Another friend needed help with Rails development, so I experimented with that as well. I picked the brains of mentors who helped me spot opportunities and avoid pitfalls. I read forum messages and blog posts. There’s so much out there to learn from.

I tried out different business models and found ones resonated with me. I got better at floating ideas and getting to that first sale. I dove deeper into skills that I wanted to improve, like sketchnoting and programming. If this is what I can learn in a little less than a year and a half, I can’t wait to see how the rest of the experiment will unfold.

If things work out really, really well, this is how I imagine this five-year experiment succeeding: I’ve learned and shared a ton, and I’m ready for more. I could easily see it extending to a lifetime. Wouldn’t that be neat?

After C.C. Chapman’s talk on how to live an amazing life, the people I chatted with told me they didn’t pick up anything particularly new, although they enjoyed his talk. Likewise, there’s very little that’s new in what I do, if there’s anything new at all. I just want to illuminate possibilities and show that you can get there in small, non-scary steps. I want to help people explore these paths, whether it’s experimenting with life, quantifying/analyzing your decisions, sketching your notes and plans, writing code for fun… I work on this by learning, writing, drawing, and making things, and I’m going to get even better at this learn-share-scale cycle as we go on.

If you want to do this too…

Hack your wants. I have simple wants, and what I want the most is time. I deliberately dig into what I want and what I can give up. Wants are more changeable than you might think, and letting go of attachments can actually be pretty fun. Frugality follows naturally from this, and savings follow frugality. I think it’s easier to shape your wants than it is to force yourself to be frugal if you don’t want to be. Then save, save, save, because that safety net makes all sorts of interesting things possible (and less stressful).

Have a supportive partner. This is a huge part of what makes it possible, and I often thank W- for helping me explore this experiment. He thinks it’s a good experiment and could possibly pay off well for us in terms of the decisions we want to make in life, and that means a lot to me. We have a simple lifestyle and are both frugal. It’s super-helpful to have a spouse who’s on the same financial page. It’s easy to imagine how this could’ve gone differently. If W- had disapproved of the idea or if we had a two-income mortgage, it would be much harder to explore this, or I might not even have tried it. I could probably have done this on my own, but it would have been more difficult to save up, the jump would have been much riskier, and it wouldn’t have been nearly as much fun.

It’s a little difficult to tell people, "Oh, make sure you have a supportive partner," so this is not really advice. But if you do happen to have a supportive partner, work on making the most of life together. Be that supportive partner, too. Investing in relationships pays off a lot.

Get help from other people, and help others. I learn a ton from people’s experiences as shared in books, blog posts, forum messages, e-mail, Skype / Google Hangout / phone / in-person conversations, and so forth. I get opportunities from people who are willing to take a bet on me. I always learn a lot while answering questions or helping people out. I’m amazed by the results of betting on other people, too – the world is a candy store of talents.

There’s a lot that I’m forgetting to explain because I take it for granted or because I don’t know that it’s missing, so please ask! =)

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Toaster’s toasted

| geek, life

Our wedding vacation was a whirlwind of cooking, thanks to the talents of my middle sister Kathy and our family friend Tita Gay. When the dust cleared, casualties included one burned-out stove element, and one broken toaster oven. We can work around the burned-out stove element easily – just use the other elements – but no toaster oven means that toast, biscuits, and tarts take more energy than before.

W- took advantage of his electrical engineering training to troubleshoot the toaster. He identified the solenoid as the problem part. Now we’re figuring out if we should repair the toaster, replace it, or eliminate it.

The decision is complicated by the fact that the toaster was an under-cabinet Black and Decker toaster oven, which was great because it saved counter space. Almost all toasters these days are countertop models, and we’d need to make space for them. The two under-cabinet models still sold by Black and Decker have middling reviews on Amazon.com.

We’re going to try replacing the solenoid on our toaster first. If that doesn’t work, we might bring it into a small appliance repair shop (if we can still find one of those!). If that fails, then we’ll look into other options.

Yay geeks!

View or add comments (Disqus), or e-mail me at sacha@sachachua.com